Lysosomal and energy enzyme activities in hypertrophied rat soleus muscle after denervation

Muscle hypertrophy was induced in the soleus muscle of young rats by tenotomy of the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles. Three and 7 days afterwards the sciatic nerve was sectioned. The loss of weight of muscles subjected to this combined procedure three days after denervation was 30–40%. Lysosomal enzyme activities (acid phosphatase, -glucosidase, -galactosidase and N-acetyl--d-glucosaminidase) and energy enzyme activities (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, triose-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, TPDH,d-hexokinase, HK and citrate synthase, CS) were determined 3 days after denervation, 3, 7 and 10 days after hypertrophy had been induced and 3 days after denervation of hypertrophying muscles on day 3 and 7. Normal non-operated rats of corresponding body wieght served as controls and their enzyme activities were estimated on the same day. In the course of muscle hypertrophy, the 4 lysosomal enzyme activities increased progressively. Although 3 days' denervation of control muscles did not alter lysomal enzyme activities, denervation of hypertrophying muscles greatly enhanced the activity of these enzymes. Enzymes of energy metabolism were affected to a lesser degree. The results suggest that denervation of hypertrophying muscles causes more extreme changes in muscle weight and lysosomal enzyme activities than denervation alone. The possible implications of this finding are discussed in relation to the rapid atrophy.     

Quantification and preservation of lectin binding by isolated cardiomyocytes

During preparation of cells for experimentation a considerable amount of bound substance is lost. Our aim was to develop a protocol which retained lectin binding to an extent similar to living cells. This procedure would use fixation procedures suited for fluorescent lectin conjugates and gold-conjugates to be visualized by light- and electron microscopy, respectively. We tested glutaraldehyde and paraformaldehyde in different concentrations before and after lectin binding, different buffers and divalent cations, as additives, to determine the effects on preservation of lectin binding. Lectin binding was visualized and semiquantitatively evaluated by image analysis in the light microscope after silver enhancement of lectin-gold conjugates and by using tetramethyl rhodaminyl isothiocyanate (TRITC)-conjugated lectins. Preservation of lectin binding was best visualized with fluorescent lectin conjugates, whereas during silver enhancement procedures of gold-conjugated lectins, a considerable amount of bound lectins was lost. In general, lectin binding to living cells followed by fixation is superior to fixation before lectin binding. Unfavourable combinations of fixatives and buffers can cause a loss of more than 90% bound lectin. In our experiments with freshly isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes, lectin binding was best when we used Na-cacodylate buffer with glutaraldehyde fixation (0.1%) after binding of lectins to the living cells.     

Radiological Demonstration of Small Bowel Adaptation Following Modified Scopinaro Procedure for Morbid Obesity

Upper gastrointestinal contrast studies were carried out on 24 patients at progressive time intervals following gastric partition with partial biliopancreatic bypass (modified Scopinaro procedure) for morbid obesity. Roentgenograms taken on standardized equipment were compared in order to document adaptive changes occurring in the small bowel with time following the procedure. Mucosal fold thickness and bowel lumen calibre within the terminal ileum were found to increase significantly with (log) time. Such adaptation of the ileum is well recognized following jejunoileal bypass, but radiological demonstration after biliopancreatic bypass has not been described previously. Mucosal hypertrophy and increase in bowel lumen calibre should be recognized as normal adaptive changes in the small bowel and not be misinterpreted as evidence of underlying pathology. Whilst adaptation following jejunoileal bypass undoubtedly contributes to eventual weight gain following surgery, this detrimental effect following the modified Scopinaro procedure appears to be negated by the reduced intake and maldigestion imposed by this procedure.     

依那普利治疗高血压左室肥厚和左室舒张功能

目的：探讨依即普利对高血压左室肥厚与左室舒张功能的治疗作用。方法：对符合ＷＨＯ诊断标准的原发性高血压左室肥厚,服用依那普 治疗,用彩色普勒超声心电图测定治疗前后左室肥厚、左室收缩及舒张功能指标。结果：治疗后室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室心肌重量均明显减少,舒张早期流速峰值明显增大,房缩期最大流速下降,两比值下降,左室射血分数无变化。结论：依那普利可有效地抑制并逆转左室肥厚,改善左室舒张功能。     

良性前列腺增生症的血清PSA

目的　探讨良性前列腺增生症 (BPH)血清前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA)的临床特点。方法　回顾性分析 111例住院待术和 45 7例普查中诊断的BPH的PSA、PSAD情况。结果　手术组和普查组的PSA和PSAD值分别为 6 .5 8± 7.49ng/ml、0 .12± 0 .15和 3.77± 4.6 0ng/ml、0 .9± 0 .11。普查组的PSA值与患者年龄呈显著正相关 (P <0 .0 1) ,而手术组无明显相关性 (P >0 .0 5 )。留置导尿的BPH其PSA(7.6 9± 8.0 5ng/ml,P <0 .0 1)和PSAD(0 .13± 0 .17,P <0 .0 1)显著高于非留置导尿者。而直肠指检触及前列腺表面结节者其PSA值 (6 .72± 5 .81ng/ml)也明显高于无结节的患者 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　BPH患者血清PSA个体差异较大 ,留置导尿及前列腺结节均可能引起PSA升高 ,在临床评估中需予综合考虑。     

颅通定对烧伤早期大鼠心室肌细胞的保护作用

目的：探讨中药颅通定对烧伤早期心室肌细胞保护作用物机理。方法：应用Ｃａ＾２＋荧光控针及ＥＰＣ－９光电联合检测系统测定烧伤早期大鼠心室肌细胞胞浆Ｃａ＾２＋浓度变化及颅通定对其影响。结果：烧伤对照组心室肌细胞于伤后１小时胞浆Ｃａ＾２＋浓度明显升高,６小时达高峰,１２小时后渐恢复。正常对照组及颅通定治疗组（浓度：３００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）心室肌细胞胞浆Ｃａ＾２＋浓度未见明显升高。结论：颅通定可显著抑制烧伤早期大鼠心室肌细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋超载。     

Exogenous insulin-like growth factor II enhances post-infarction regional myocardial function in swine

OBJECTIVES: Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) promotes cardiac myocytegrowth and contractility in vitro. This study was designed toinvestigate the effect of exogenous IGF-II on regional myocardialfun ction at the area of infarct in the pig. METHODS: Myocardial infarction was induced in 12 female anoesthetizedpigs by affigel blue beads, embolizing microvessels of the leftanterior descending coronary artery distribution. In the experimentalgroup (n=6), IGF-II (0.12 µg. kg^–1 in two animalsand 0.6 µg. kg^–1 in four) was incorporated intothe beads and delivered by them to the infarct area. Myocardialfunction was followed echocardiographically, and the excisedheart was analysed immunohistochemically and histopathologically. RESULTS: Myocardial function in injured zones, inversely related to anechocardiographic segmental wall motion score (mean ±SEM), was similar between the two groups at baseline, but at4 weeks post-infarction was significantly (P=0.008) reducedin the control group (0.58± 0.38 vs 3.42 ± 0.84),in contrast to nearly baseline values in the experimental group(0.58 ± 0.33 vs 1.17 ± 0.42, P=0.41). Cardiacperformance in injured segments was sign better after myocardialinjury in the experimental group (P=0.04). Tissue samples fromboth groups (4 weeks post-infarction), stained with haematoxylinand eosin demonstrated pen-infarct myocyte hypertrophy, correspondingto regions selectively stained by an antibody for CD56, whichhighlights growing cardiac myocytes. By image analysis semi-quantification,staining for CD56 was significantly (P=0.04) higher in the peri-infarctregion of the experimental group, as compared with controls(106.5 ± 2.8 vs 92 ± 4.4 gray level units). Microvesselsstained for von-Willebrand factor were similar in nwnber inboth groups (P=0.8), as were mesenchymal cells stained for vimentin(P=0.7). CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous IGF-II, delivered to the infarct area amelioratesregional cardiac function in the pig, perhaps by inducing peri-infarctmyocyte growth.     

高血压病左心室肥厚及左心房增大与心律失常的关系

目的 探讨高血压病左心室肥厚及左心房增大与室性心律失常的关系。方法 采用24小时动态心电图及超声心动图测定68例高血压病患者心律失常及心脏结构的变化。结果 左心室肥厚组室性心律失常发生率显著高于非左心室肥厚组(P相似文献   

自发性高血压大鼠左心室肥厚与血压、心肌局部血管紧张素Ⅱ的关系

目的 研究自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)左心室肥厚与血压、心肌局部血管紧张素Ⅱ的关系。方法 取SHR(n=40)及正常对照组WKY(n=41),分为4周龄、8周龄、12周龄、24周龄及36周龄组．测收缩压、体重,左心室重量及用放免法测定心肌局部血管紧张素(AⅡ)含量,并进行两两线性相关分析。结果 通过对5个年龄段的SHR和WKY的收缩压、左心室重与体重比(LVM／BW)及心肌局部AⅡ含量的测定结果发现三者之间存在相关性,其中AⅡ与心肌肥厚有明显相关性。结论 血压与AⅡ在SHR大鼠的左心室肥厚中起着重要作用。     

粉防己碱对大鼠膀胱平滑肌的药理作用

研究植物源性钙通道阻滞剂粉防己碱（Ｔｅｔ）对大鼠膀胱平滑肌的作用。结果发现,在整体实验中,Ｔｅｔ８ｍｇ／ｋｇ灌胃能在较少影响血压、心率的情况下,降低膀胱平滑肌的收缩力（Ｐ＜０．０１）。在离体实验中,Ｔｅｔ（１０、３０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）能浓度依赖性地非竞争性抑制由ＫＣｌ引起的大鼠正常和肥厚膀胱平滑肌的收缩反应,ＰＤ２′值分别为４．３５和３．７９。在连续每ｄ灌胃Ｔｅｔ８ｍｇ／ｋｇ６周后,能减轻膀胱重量并改善形态学变化,且明显降低膀胱对外源性激动剂如ＫＣｌ的反应性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示Ｔｅｔ在治疗某些泌尿系统疾病如膀胱激惹综合征等有一定的应用前景